Tag Archives: h.g.wells

[July 26, 1964] Yesterday's Tomorrows (First Men in the Moon and Other Steam Science Fiction Movies)


by Victoria Silverwolf

Monsieur Verne and Mister Wells at the Movies

A decade ago, Walt Disney Productions had a big hit on their hands with their cinematic adaptation of the famous Jules Verne novel 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea. It was popular with both audiences and critics, winning Academy Awards for Art Direction and Special Effects. It was a lovely film, full of charming details combining futuristic technology with aesthetics of the past.

The super-submarine Nautilus; a thing of beauty.

The success of this nostalgic science fiction adventure led to a number of Verne adaptations. Most notable was Around the World in 80 Days, a lush, big budget production notable for the number of Hollywood stars who made cameo appearances.

Old Blue Eyes in a tiny role as a piano player.

Since then we've had enjoyable films taken from the French author of Extraordinary Voyages, including Journey to the Center of the Earth, Master of the World, and Mysterious Island, all reviewed here at Galactic Journey.  A couple of lesser Verne adaptations, namely Valley of the Dragons and Five Weeks in a Balloon, did not escape the acid pen of our local critics.  There was also From the Earth to the Moon, which somehow managed to slip under the radar of our Galactic Journeyers.  This was a handsomely filmed, if rather dull, account of an American munitions manufacturer (Joseph Cotton) using a powerful explosive to send a spaceship to the Moon just after the Civil War.


Blast off!

Not to be outdone, H. G. Wells, the British master of Scientific Romances, came to the big screen not too long ago in the George Pal production of The War of the Worlds, another Oscar winner for Best Special Effects.

A Martian war machine on the prowl for Earthlings.

Although this version of the story updated the setting to modern times, Pal returned to the Nineteenth Century with an even more highly regarded Wells adaptation, The Time Machine, which won kudos from our host.

With the exception of The War of the Worlds, what these films have in common is the fact that they take place in the Victorian Era. For lack of a better term, we might refer to this sub-genre of fantastic cinema as Steam Science Fiction. I was recently able to attend a secret sneak preview of the latest offering of this kind, already released in the United Kingdom, and due to appear in American theaters later this year. Watch for the trailer the next time you're at your local cinema.

Fly Me to the Moon; Or, A Trip to the Moon on Gossamer Wings


In Dynamation and LunaColor, no less.

First Men in the Moon is directed by Nathan Juran, a veteran of science fiction films, both good (20 Million Miles to Earth) and not so good (The Brain from Planet Arous.) The screenplay for this British production comes from the combined pens of Nigel Kneale (best known to SF fans across the pond for his television serials The Quatermass Experiment and Quatermass II) and Jan Read, who contributed to the delightful fantasy film Jason and the Argonauts.


Don't forget, it's in, not on.

We begin in the near future, as an international team of astronauts land on the Moon.  They find a Union Jack and a note claiming the satellite in the name of Queen Victoria.


A mystery!

The note happens to be written on the back of a legal contract mentioning the name Katherine Callender.  Investigation leads to the discovery of Arnold Bedford, the man Miss Callender married long ago, now nearly a century old.  He tells his incredible story, and we go into a long flashback, firmly in the land of Steam Science Fiction.


Martha Hyer and Edward Judd as the two Victorian lovebirds.

In 1899, our happy couple encounter Joseph Cavor, an eccentric scientist who creates a substance that deflects gravity. Having a healthy ego, he names the stuff Cavorite.   As if that were not enough, he plans to use it to launch a spaceship on a lunar voyage.


Lionel Jeffries as the inventor.

Arnold agrees to go to the Moon with Cavor, which seems like a rash decision for a man about to be married.  Through a series of unforeseen circumstances, Katherine winds up accidentally accompanying them; you know how much trouble women are!  The unlikely trio winds up on the surface of Earth's satellite after a particularly rough landing.


The charming little spaceship approaches its target.

Katherine is left behind, no doubt to prepare tea and crumpets, while the two men don diving suits and set out to explore this strange new world.

Things really get interesting when our heroes fall down a shaft and wind up inside the Moon, justifying the title.  It seems that the interior is inhabited by insect-like, sentient beings, whom Cavor dubs Selenites.  The plot, mostly played for light comedy up to this point, takes a more serious turn when Arnold, panicking at the sight of the aliens, attacks and kills several of them.  The two men escape back to the surface, only to discover that the Selenites have dragged their spaceship, and the woman inside it, underground.


A Selenite, brought to life through the magic of Dynamation.

What follows is a fast-moving adventure, as the intrepid pair explore the city of the Selenites in search of Katherine, battle a huge, caterpillar-like monster, and encounter the Grand Lunar, ruler of the Selenites.   An interesting aspect of the story is the contrast between Cavor, the man of science, who wants to exchange knowledge with the Selenites, and Arnold, the man of action, who believes they pose a threat to humanity.


What good is a science fiction thriller without a huge monster?


The Grand Lunar, not at all happy about human aggressiveness.

An ironic ending brings us back to the near future, as we find out what happened to the three explorers and the Selenites.

Adding greatly to the film's appeal is the outstanding stop-motion animation of Ray Harryhausen.  The eerie and imaginative world inside the Moon excites the viewer's sense of wonder, and the Victorian design of Cavor's spaceship provides a great deal of charm.  You might have to be a little bit patient with the relaxed pace of the opening scenes, but the result is well worth the wait.

Four stars.

As we enter a new era of space exploration, with the very real possibility that a human being will stand on the surface of the Moon within a decade, it's fitting that we look back on those who imagined the future and wrote about it.  I hope that more Steam Science Fiction movies appear in theaters in the days to come, and that we never forget the dreamers of yesteryear.


[Come join us at Portal 55, Galactic Journey's real-time lounge! Talk about your favorite SFF, chat with the Traveler and co., relax, sit a spell…]




[August 14, 1960] George Pal's The Time Machine

And sometimes, the cinema astounds me.

Have I got your attention?  My faithful readers know that I am an avid movie-goer.  At least once a month, my daughter and I will trek out to the local drive-in or parlor and take in a science fiction film.  Sometimes we see good A-listers, sometimes we see bad ones.  Occasionally we see good B-listers, usually we see bad ones.  In general, book adaptations are loose, at best.  Journey to the Center of the Earth was one of the better films of 1959, but it bore little resemblance to the source material.

George Pal's The Time Machine knocked my socks off.

Now, I'm not usually given to hyperbole (in fact, I can safely say I'd sooner die than engage in such a hackneyed endeavor), so you can believe me when I report that The Time Machine is easily the best fantasy film of the year.

Note that I say fantasy: time travel stories often get categorized as science fiction, but this movie is a pure flight of fancy, and a delightful one at that.  It is a beautiful, timeless piece of film that, I imagine, will provide entertainment decades from now–perhaps even in the far future depicted in the movie.

But I get ahead of myself.  First, a synopsis:

In broad strokes, the film follows the book, but there are some key differences, in part to be topical to the era in which it was made.

It opens with a dinner party at the house of inventor, H.G. Wells (played by Rod Taylor, a rather hunky and quite capable Australian, who recently starred in The Twilight Zone).  Wells makes a tardy appearance, disheveled, wounded, and smoke-suffused.  The movie is his recounting of his adventures through time.

Just six days before, as the last minutes of the 1800s ticked away, Wells invites the same four guests to witness a demonstration of time travel.  Using a scale model of the device, Wells sends a cigar into the future.  But when his friends display doubt as to the success of the model's flight, our hero resolves to take a trip to the future and return with his findings.

This is, perhaps, the most exciting part of the movie.  I know my daughter enjoyed it the most.  Wells travels 17 years into the future and meets the son of his best friend, Philby.  He sees his house blown up by the Blitz in 1940. 

In 1966, he makes a brief stop just in time to watch the world blown up in a nuclear holocaust.  He is saved only by the speed at which he travels into the future.

Encased in a volcanic mountain, the result of said apocalypse, Wells must journey in the dark until erosion frees him, which it eventually does, far far in the future.

The traveler finds a garden-like world with fruits in abundance.  Its inhabitants, the Eloi, dress simply and frolic with nary a care.  At first, Wells believes he has found paradise.  His first indication that something is amiss is the near-drowning of the lovely girl, Weena, whose friends watch her plight (and her rescue by Wells) with dispassion.  Then, at supper in the ruined remains of a magnificent hall, Wells finds the denizens of the future almost simple in their incuriosity, ignorance, and illiteracy.  In one of the most effective scenes of the movie, Wells is taken to a library only to have the books, long neglected and unread, crumble in his fingers.

Disgusted, Wells returns to his point of origin, but the time machine has been stolen, dragged into a nearby locked building topped with a sculpture of an inhuman head.  Weena braves the darkness to warn Wells that the night belongs to the Morlocks, another people who produce the food and clothes for the Eloi.  Indeed, one tries to kidnap Weena, but Wells saves her, further winning her trust and loyalty.

The next morning, Weena takes Wells to a musuem of sorts.  There, Wells learns that the twofold split in humanity resulted from a terrible biological war.  One group elected to stay in the relative safety of their underground complex of shelters, while others attempted to survive on the barren surface. 

Wells decides to investigate the Morlocks, who inhabit a vast subterranean factory complex.  But before he gets far, he hears the wailing of air raid sirens (with which he had become acqauinted during his sojourn through the 20th Century), and Weena abandons him.  In fact, all of the Eloi are marching in an uncomprehending daze toward the strange "Sphinx" building.  Several dozen, including Weena, wander inside, before the sirens cease and the building's doors close.

"What happens to them?" Wells wants to know.  "They never come back," he is told. 

Wells encounters an acute lack of interest when he proposes that a rescue be launched, so he strikes out underground on his own.  There, he finds that the Morlocks are cannibals, feeding off the captured Eloi.  Such is the arrangement of this new world: the Eloi may live a carefree, short life, but in the end, they must pay dearly for their bliss.

But that order is about to change.  Wells rallies the captured Eloi to defend themselves against the Morlocks.  With their help, and a lot of matches, Wells frees the prisoners.  They then feed the conflagration Wells started underground with heaps of dead wood, and the factory complex collapses.

Afterward, a wistful Wells laments the loss of his machine, but delights in the romantic bond growing between him and Weena. 

As the two settle into an embrace, one of the Eloi arrives with news.  The Sphinx is open, and his machine is inside! 

But it turns out that this is just a baited trap.  Once inside the building, the doors close, and Wells is beset by Morlocks.  He barely manages to escape into the past.

His story (and dinner) complete, Wells is once again met with incredulity.  His guests all leave, save for Philby, who has been convinced.  But he is too late to stop Wells, who has already departed again for the future.  This time, he isn't going empty-handed: missing from Wells' library are three books, their contents unknown.

We are left with the lingering question, "Which three books would you take?"

I am gratified with the respect George Pal has shown Wells' original material.  It would have been nice if we could have seen an adaptation of the latter part of the book, where Wells journeys into the far future to witness the frozen death of the Earth, but I can see why this section, while lovely, was discarded as superfluous. 

But the essence of the story, this cautionary parable, is intact, and Wells' indomitable idealism is well-portrayed by Taylor, who essentially performs a one-man show throughout most of the film.  I expect this will be his breakthrough role.  Alan Young also deserves praise for his double role as Wells' friend, Philby, and as Philby's son.  His Scottish accent was certainly better than Pat Boone's!  As for Yvette Mimieux, who plays Weena, hers is a role that does not require much range, nor does Ms. Mimieux strain herself.  One wonders what Wells sees in her, but perhaps it is her tabula rasa nature, unblemished by modern sentiment, that appeals.  Or maybe's it's the short skirt.

The cinematography, sets, and models are just lovely.  This is a lush production with some truly impressive stop-motion work.  Due to its setting in the Victorian past (lovely costumes!) and the far future, and thanks to the highly professional film and effects work, I suspect The Time Machine will never seem dated.

Highly recommended.  5 stars of 5.